Farzana Kapadia

Professor of Epidemiology

Director of Undergraduate Programs

Professional overview

Dr. Farzana Kapadia is Professor of Epidemiology and Population Health at the NYU School of Global Public Health and at the NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Population Health. Dr. Kapadia is also affiliated with the Institute of Human Development and Social Change and Population Center at NYU.

Dr. Kapadia has long standing research interests in understanding the social and structural drivers of HIV/STIs as well as sexual and reproductive health outcomes in underserved and marginalized populations. Dr. Kapadia has over 20 years of experience in the design, development, and implementation of observational studies and HIV/STI intervention and prevention trials in underserved and marginalized populations in urban settings, both in the US and in Africa (Ghana and Kenya).

Dr. Kapadia has a passion for teaching and mentoring. She teaches the core Epidemiology for in-coming MPH students and has also taught key epidemiology courses, including Intermediate Epidemiology and Outbreak Epidemiology at GPH as well as an HIV-related course at NYU London. The overarching goal of Dr. Kapadia’s teaching is to train students to become epidemiologists and public health practitioners who are critical and creative thinkers as well as champions and advocates for inclusive solutions to our local and global public health challenges.

In addition to her research and teaching responsibilities, Dr. Kapadia serves as the Deputy Editor for the American Journal of Public Health.

Education

BS, Biology and History, SUNY Binghamton, Binghamton, NY

MPH, Community Public Health, New York University, New York, NY

PhD, Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY

Honors and awards

Excellence in Public Health Faculty Award, New York University (2012)

Steinhardt Goddard Award (2011)

Community Collaborative Award, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development (2009)

Elected Member, American College of Epidemiology (2007)

Areas of research and study

Behavioral Determinants of Health

Behavioral Science

Epidemiology

HIV/AIDS

Reproductive Health

Social Behaviors

Social Determinants of Health

Social epidemiology

Substance Abuse

Publications

Publications

Individual, psychosocial, and social correlates of unprotected anal intercourse in a new generation of young men who have sex with men in New York City

Halkitis, P. N., Kapadia, F., Siconolfi, D. E., Moeller, R. W., Figueroa, R. P., Barton, S. C., & Blachman-Forshay, J. (n.d.).

Publication year

2013

Journal title

American journal of public health

Volume

103

Issue

5

Page(s)

889-895

10.2105/AJPH.2012.300963

Abstract

Abstract

Objectives: We examined associations of individual, psychosocial, and social factors with unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) among young men who have sex with men in New York City. Methods: Using baseline assessment data from 592 young men who have sex with men participating in an ongoing prospective cohort study, we conducted multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine the associations between covariates and likelihood of recently engaging in UAI with same-sex partners. Results: Nineteen percent reported recent UAI with a same-sex partner. In multivariable models, being in a current relationship with another man (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.87), an arrest history (AOR = 2.01), greater residential instability (AOR = 1.75), and unstable housing or homelessness (AOR = 3.10) was associated with recent UAI. Although high levels of gay community affinity and low internalized homophobia were associated with engaging in UAI in bivariate analyses, these associations did not persist in multivariable analyses. Conclusions: Associations of psychosocial and socially produced conditions with UAI amonganew generation ofyoung men who have sex with men warrant that HIV prevention programs and policies address structural factors that predispose sexual risk behaviors.

Intimate Partner Violence and Sex Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men

Stults, C. B., Javdani, S., Greenbaum, C. A., Kapadia, F., & Halkitis, P. N. (n.d.).

Publication year

2016

Journal title

Journal of Adolescent Health

Volume

58

Issue

2

Page(s)

215-22

10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.10.008

Abstract

Abstract

PURPOSE: Among young men who have sex with men (YMSM) few studies have examined the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration versus victimization and sexual behaviors.METHODS: Using data from n = 528 urban YMSM, multinomial logistic regression models were built to examine the distinct relationships between any IPV, victimization, and perpetration with condomless sex in the previous 30 days, controlling for key sociodemographic characteristics.RESULTS: In this sample of YMSM, lifetime experience of any IPV was associated with increased odds of recent condomless oral (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.21-2.72) and anal receptive sex (AOR= 2.29, 95% CI = 1.22-4.31). IPV victimization was associated with a greater likelihood of condomless receptive anal sex (AOR= 2.12, 95% CI = 1.15-3.93) whereas IPV perpetration was associated with increased odds of condomless receptive (AOR= 2.11, 95% CI = 1.14-3.91) and insertive (AOR= 2.21, 95% CI = 1.06-4.59) anal sex.CONCLUSIONS: Among YMSM, reports of both IPV perpetration and victimization were associated with increased odds of recent condomless sex. These findings indicate that the need for IPV prevention and intervention programs for this new generation of YMSM is highly warranted.

Intimate partner violence and substance use risk among young men who have sex with men : The P18 cohort study

Stults, C. B., Javdani, S., Greenbaum, C. A., Kapadia, F., & Halkitis, P. N. (n.d.).

Publication year

2015

Journal title

Drug and alcohol dependence

Volume

154

Page(s)

54-62

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.06.008

Abstract

Abstract

Objectives: Substance use is prevalent among young men who have sex with men (YMSM) and may be associated with intimate partner violence (IPV). Experiences of IPV are associated with several adverse health conditions among adult MSM, but there is a gap in knowledge about this relationship among YMSM, which warrants further investigation. Methods: This study employs baseline data from a prospective cohort study to examine lifetime experiences of IPV in relation to substance use in the previous 30 days among n=. 528 YMSM in New York City from 2009 to 2011. To examine the extent to which IPV (any experiences, victimization, and perpetration) are related to substance use (alcohol, marijuana, stimulant, and other drugs) in the last 30 days, distinct 2-step multinomial logistic regression models, controlling for sociodemographic differences, were constructed. Results: 44.3% reported lifetime IPV experience, with 39.2% of reporting victimization and 30.5% reporting perpetration. IPV is associated with a 1.6 increased odds of 2 or more instances of alcohol use, a 1.6-1.8 increased odds of 2 or more instances of marijuana use, a 1.8-2.5 increased odds of 2 or more instances of stimulant use, and a 4.1-6.1 increased odds of 2 or more instances of other substance use. Conclusion: Findings highlight the strong association between IPV and increased frequency of substance use among YMSM and provide support that violence may exist as part of a syndemic facing YMSM. Prevention and intervention strategies may be improved by addressing substance use in the context of IPV and other related health challenges.

Intimate partner violence perpetration and victimization among ymsm : The p18 cohort study

Stults, C. B., Javdani, S., Greenbaum, C. A., Barton, S. C., Kapadia, F., & Halkitis, P. N. (n.d.).

Publication year

2015

Journal title

Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity

Volume

2

Issue

2

Page(s)

152-158

10.1037/sgd0000104

Abstract

Abstract

Research indicates that experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV) are common among young gay, bisexual, and other young men who have sex with men (YMSM). Yet, there is little understanding of the individual, mental health, and psychosocial variables associated with IPV in this population. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and correlates of IPV among a new generation of racially/ethnically diverse YMSM. Baseline data from a longitudinal cohort study of YMSM (n = 598) from New York City informed lifetime experiences of IPV victimization, perpetration, and mutual IPV (those reporting both victimization and perpetration). Multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to examine associations between IPV and individual, mental health, and psychosocial factors. Among YMSM, 39% reported IPV victimization, 31% reported perpetration, and 25% reported mutual IPV. Victimization and perpetration were highly correlated. Childhood mistreatment was related to all 3 IPV outcomes. With regard to psychosocial states, impulsivity was the only variable strongly related to all 3 IPV outcomes. PTSD was significantly related to IPV victimization but not IPV perpetration. In addition, personal gay-related stigma was associated with IPV victimization, whereas public gay-related stigma was associated with IPV perpetration. Findings extend previous research by identifying psychosocial and mental health variables associated with IPV, while controlling for childhood mistreatment. We recommend more systematic screening for IPV in health care settings that serve YMSM (e.g., HIV testing sites). Moreover, we suggest that IPV may be part of a larger syndemic disproportionately burdening YMSM.

Latent Growth Curve Modeling of Non-Injection Drug Use and Condomless Sexual Behavior from Ages 18 to 21 in Gay, Bisexual, and Other YMSM : The P18 Cohort Study

Halkitis, P. N., Bub, K., Stults, C. B., Bates, F. C., & Kapadia, F. (n.d.).

Publication year

2018

Journal title

Substance Use and Misuse

Volume

53

Issue

1

Page(s)

101-113

10.1080/10826084.2017.1334067

Abstract

Abstract

Background: HIV/AIDS continues to be a health disparity faced by sexual minority men, and is exacerbated by non-injection drug use. Objectives: We sought to delineate growth in non-injection drug use and condomless sex in a sample of racially and economically diverse of gay, bisexual, and other young men who have sex with men (YMSM) as they emerged into adulthood between the ages of 18 and 21 and who came of age in the post-HAART era. Methods: Behavioral data on drug use and condomless sex, collected via a calendar based technique over 7 waves of a cohort study of 600 YMSM, were analyzed using latent growth curve modeling to document patterns of growth in these behaviors, their associations, and the extent to which patterns and associations are moderated by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Results: Significant growth was noted in the frequencies of condomless oral and anal intercourse, alcohol to intoxication, marijuana use, and inhalant nitrate use. High levels of association were noted between all behaviors across time but associations did not differ by either race/ethnicity or socioeconomic status. The link between drug use and risky sexual behavior continue to be evident in YMSM with significant increases in these behaviors demonstrated as YMSM transition between adolescence and young adulthood. Conclusions/Importance: Healthcare for a new generation of sexual minority males must address the synergy of these behaviors and also nest HIV prevention and care within a larger context of sexual minority health that acknowledges the advances made in the last three decades.

Life Expectancy in the United States : A Public Health of Consequence, June 2024

Kapadia, F. (n.d.).

Publication year

2024

Journal title

American journal of public health

Volume

114

Issue

6

Page(s)

556-558

10.2105/AJPH.2024.307677

Abstract

Abstract

~

Lifting boatswithout closing gaps : Child health outcomes in distressed us cities from 1992-2002

Silver, D. R., Mijanovich, T., Uyei, J., Kapadia, F., & Weitzman, B. C. (n.d.).

Publication year

2011

Journal title

American journal of public health

Volume

101

Issue

2

Page(s)

278-284

10.2105/AJPH.2010.194761

Abstract

Abstract

Objectives. We compared cause-specific mortality and birth rates for children and youths aged younger than 18 years in 100 US cities from 1992 through 2002. Methods. We used 5 census indicators to categorize the 100 most populous US cities in 1990 as economically distressed or nondistressed. We used Poisson regression to calculate rate ratios for cause-specific mortality and birth rates, comparing distressed cities to nondistressed cities overall and by race/ethnicity from 1992 through 2002. We also calculated rates of change in these variables within each city over this period. Results. Despite improvements in health for the study population in all cities, disparities between city groups held steady or widened over the study period. Gaps in outcomes between Whites and Blacks persisted across all cities. Living in a distressed city compounded the disparities in poor outcomes for Black children and youths. Conclusions. A strong national economy during the study period may have facilitated improvements in health outcomes for children and youths in US cities, but these benefits did not close gaps between distressed and nondistressed cities.

Longitudinal determinants of consistent condom use by partner type among young injection drug users : The role of personal and partner characteristics

Kapadia, F., Kapadia, F., Latka, M. H., Wu, Y., Strathdee, S. A., Mackesy-Amiti, M. E., Hudson, S. M., Thiede, H., & Garfein, R. S. (n.d.).

Publication year

2011

Journal title

AIDS and Behavior

Volume

15

Issue

7

Page(s)

1309-1318

10.1007/s10461-009-9569-3

Abstract

Abstract

We investigated the longitudinal influence of individual-, relationship- and social-level factors on condom use by partner typeamong young injections drug users (IDUs) enrolled in the Collaborative Injection Drug Users Study-III/ Drug Users Intervention Trial (CIDUS-III/DUIT) from 2002 to 2004. Based on longitudinal analysis using generalized estimating equations (GEE), consistent condom use with main partnerswasmorecommonly reported amongmales and those with greater self-efficacy for condom use; main partner's desire for pregnancy and needle sharing were negatively associated with consistent condom use. Among those with casual partners, having fewer sex partnerswas associated with consistent condom use. Positive attitudes toward condom use and partner norms supporting condom use were associated with greater consistent condom use with both partner types. These findings suggest that intervention strategies targeting individual- and partner-level factors may provide avenues for intervening upon sexual risks among young IDUs.

Longitudinal Trends in Sexual Behaviors Without a Condom Among Sexual Minority Youth : The P18 Cohort Study

Kapadia, F., Bub, K., Barton, S., Stults, C. B., & Halkitis, P. N. (n.d.).

Publication year

2015

Journal title

AIDS and Behavior

Volume

19

Issue

12

Page(s)

2152-2161

10.1007/s10461-015-1175-y

Abstract

Abstract

Given the heightened risk for HIV and other STIs among young men who have sex with men (YMSM) as well as the racial/ethnic disparities in HIV/STI risk, an understanding of longitudinal trends in sexual behaviors is warranted as YMSM emerge into adulthood. Drawing from an ongoing prospective cohort study, the present analysis employed latent growth curve modeling to examine trends in distinct types of sexual activity without condoms over time in sample of YMSM and examine differences by race/ethnicity and perceived familial socioeconomic status (SES). Overall, White and Mixed race YMSM reported more instances of oral sex without condoms as compared to other racial/ethnic groups with rates of decline over time noted in Black YMSM. White YMSM also reported more receptive and insertive anal sex acts without a condom than Black YMSM. Declines over time in both types of anal sex acts without condoms among Black men were noted when compared to White men, while increases over time were noted for mixed race YMSM for condomless insertive anal sex. The effects for race/ethnicity were attenuated with the inclusion of perceived familial SES in these models. These findings build on previous cross sectional studies showing less frequent sex without condoms among Black YMSM despite higher rates of HIV incidence in emerging adulthood, as well as the importance of considering economic conditions in such models. Efforts to understand racial/ethnic disparities in HIV/STIs among YMSM must move beyond examination of individual-level sexual behaviors and consider both race/ethnicity and socioeconomic conditions in order to evaluate how these factors shape the sexual behaviors of YMSM.

Low response rate schools in surveys of adolescent risk taking behaviours : Possible biases, possible solutions

Kapadia, F., Weitzman, B. C., Guttmacher, S., Weinberg, S., & Kapadia, F. (n.d.).

Publication year

2003

Journal title

Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health

Volume

57

Issue

1

Page(s)

63-67

10.1136/jech.57.1.63

Abstract

Abstract

Study objective: To examine the potential biases introduced when students in low response rate schools are dropped from classroom based surveys of adolescent risk taking behaviour. Design: Self administered confidential surveys were conducted in classrooms, with follow up visits to each school to survey students absent during the initial survey administration. Data on students in schools that achieved a 70% response rate are compared with data on students in schools that did not achieve this level of response. Setting: New York City, United States. Participants: 1854 10th graders in 13 public (state supported) high schools. Main results: Students in schools with low response rates resulting from high rates of absenteeism have different demographic characteristics and engage in more risk behaviours than students in schools with low absenteeism and high response rates. Excluding schools with low rates of response can have an effect on estimates of risk behaviour, even after data are weighted for individual absences. The potential for bias is greatest when, in sampling schools, the proportion of schools with low response rates is large, and when such schools represent a large share of the students in the area under study. Conclusions: Excluding schools with poor response rates from survey samples using a classroom based approach does not improve, and may, under some circumstances, underestimate risky behaviour among adolescent populations.

Mass Incarceration and Health Inequities : A Public Health of Consequence, September 2024

Kapadia, F. (n.d.).

Publication year

2024

Journal title

American journal of public health

Volume

114

Issue

9

Page(s)

856-858

10.2105/AJPH.2024.307780

Abstract

Abstract

~

Maternal health and maternal health service utilization among female sex workers : A scoping review

Moore, B. E., Govaerts, L., & Kapadia, F. (n.d.).

Publication year

2023

Journal title

Women's Health

Volume

19

10.1177/17455057231206303

Abstract

Abstract

Background: High proportions of female sex workers (FSWs) become pregnant and have children. Many FSWs are at increased risk of maternal health complications due to factors such as poverty, violence, and healthcare barriers. Despite this, FSWs’ maternal health and use of maternal health services (MHS) receive limited attention. Objectives: The objectives of this scoping review are to (1) synthesize existing data on FSWs’ maternal health and MHS utilization and (2) assess the state of peer-reviewed literature on FSWs’ maternal health in regard to methodological approaches and reported outcomes. Eligibility criteria: Included articles were peer-reviewed, published in English, and reported empirical data on FSWs for outcomes related to antenatal care, pregnancy, and labor complications, postnatal and delivery care, and/or barriers to MHS. Sources of evidence: Article searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Global Health, Sociological Abstracts, Sociological Index, PsychInfo, and CINAHL Charting methods: Information extracted from eligible articles included publication year, study design, location, sample size, outcome measures, and findings. The “Three Delays” model was used to synthesize findings on barriers to MHS as relevant to phase I, II, or III delays. Results: Eighteen publications met the eligibility criteria. Studies were conducted in 11 countries and primarily reported quantitative data from cross-sectional surveys. The most frequently reported outcome was antenatal care utilization (n = 14), whereas few studies reported findings related to postnatal care and breastfeeding counseling (n = 2). Across publications, there was a substantial range in the proportion of FSWs who reported accessing different types of MHS. Conclusion: Literature on FSWs’ maternal health is limited and heterogenous. More research is needed that specifically focuses on measuring outcomes related to FSWs’ maternal health and examines associated factors. Such work can inform future research directions and public health interventions for FSWs—a population of marginalized women whose maternal health has been overlooked in existing efforts.

Mental health burdens among North American Asian adults living with chronic conditions : a systematic review

Islam, J. Y., Parikh, N. S., Lappen, H., Venkat, V., Nalkar, P., & Kapadia, F. (n.d.).

Publication year

2023

Journal title

Epidemiologic Reviews

Volume

45

Issue

1

Page(s)

82-92

10.1093/epirev/mxad003

Abstract

Abstract

Asians are likely to experience a high burden of chronic conditions, including, but not limited to, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, due to differences in biologic, genetic, and environmental factors across Asian ethnic groups. A diagnosis of any chronic condition can contribute to increased mental health burdens, including depression, psychological distress, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, few studies have examined these comorbid conditions across distinct Asian ethnic groups—an important limitation given the differences in social, cultural, and behavioral drivers of mental health burdens within and across Asian ethnicities. To understand the disparities in mental health burdens among Asians living with a chronic health condition, we conducted a systematic literature review of relevant, peer-reviewed publication databases to identify studies reporting on mental health burdens (e.g., depression, anxiety, distress, PTSD) in distinct Asian ethnic groups in North America. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria for this review and collectively demonstrated a high burden of depression, psychological distress, and PTSD among Asians living with chronic conditions. Moreover, there were distinct disparities in mental health burdens across chronic conditions and across Asian ethnic groups. Despite the detrimental impact of poor mental health on chronic disease–specific outcomes, such as death and poor quality of life, few data exist that characterize mental health outcomes among Asian ethnicities living in North America with chronic conditions. Future work should prioritize estimating the national prevalence of mental health outcomes among adults with chronic conditions, by Asian ethnicities, to inform culturally tailored interventions to address this public health burden.

Methods to recruit and retain a cohort of young-adult injection drug users for the Third Collaborative Injection Drug Users Study/Drug Users Intervention Trial (CIDUS III/DUIT)

Garfein, R. S., Swartzendruber, A., Ouellet, L. J., Kapadia, F., Hudson, S. M., Thiede, H., Strathdee, S. A., Williams, I. T., Bailey, S. L., Hagan, H., Golub, E. T., Kerndt, P., Hanson, D. L., & Latka, M. H. (n.d.).

Publication year

2007

Journal title

Drug and alcohol dependence

Volume

91

Issue

SUPPL. 1

Page(s)

S4-S17

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.05.007

Abstract

Abstract

Background: New injection drug users (IDUs) are at high risk for blood-borne viral infections. Given U.S. policy to only fund proven-effective HIV prevention interventions, insights into conducting intervention trials among young IDUs are provided here by describing methods and participants' characteristics in the CIDUS III/DUIT study. Methods: In 2002-2004, 15-30-year-old IDUs in Baltimore, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, and Seattle were recruited through community outreach, advertising and coupon-based participant referrals. Baseline interviews assessed sociodemographics, injection, and sexual behaviors. Antibody tests for HIV and hepatitis A, B, and C viruses (HAV, HBV, and HCV) were conducted. IDUs who were HIV and HCV antibody negative at baseline were eligible to participate in a randomized controlled HIV/HCV prevention trial. Follow-up assessments were conducted 3 and 6 months post-intervention. Data were analyzed to identify participant differences at baseline by city, trial enrollment, and trial retention. Results: Baseline assessments were completed by 3285 IDUs. Participants were mean age 23.8 years, 69% male, 64% White, 17% Hispanic, and 8% Black. Seroprevalence of HIV, HCV, HBV, and HAV antibodies were 2.9, 34.4, 22.4, and 19.3%, respectively. Of the 2062 (62.7%) baseline participants who were HIV and HCV antibody negative, 859 (41.7%) were randomized. At least one follow-up assessment was completed by 712 (83%) randomized participants. Contextual factors, primarily homelessness, were associated with lower enrollment and retention. Conclusions: Recruitment and retention of young-adult IDUs for complex intervention trials is complicated, yet feasible. Risk behaviors among participants enrolling in and completing the trial reflected those eligible to enroll.

Misinformation, Gendered Perceptions, and Low Healthcare Provider Communication Around HPV and the HPV Vaccine Among Young Sexual Minority Men in New York City : The P18 Cohort Study

Jaiswal, J., LoSchiavo, C., Maiolatesi, A., Kapadia, F., & Halkitis, P. N. (n.d.).

Publication year

2020

Journal title

Journal of Community Health

Volume

45

Issue

4

Page(s)

702-711

10.1007/s10900-019-00784-w

Abstract

Abstract

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection among adults in the United States, and can cause several types of cancer. This is of particular concern for sexual minority men, as their increased risk of HIV acquisition increases risk for HPV and HPV-associated cancers, particularly when coupled with low rates of HPV vaccination. As part of a larger study of the syndemic of HIV, substance use, and mental health among young sexual minority men in New York City, we sought to explore what sexual minority men know about HPV and the HPV vaccine, along with their experiences have been communicating about the virus and vaccine. We interviewed 38 young sexual minority men with diverse sociodemographic characteristics and identified three main themes: low knowledge about HPV infection and vaccination, highly gendered misconceptions about HPV only affecting women, and lack of communication from healthcare providers about HPV. The prevalence of incorrect HPV knowledge, coupled with inadequate education and vaccination in healthcare settings, indicates a missed opportunity for HPV prevention in a high-risk and high-need population.

Modeling substance use in emerging adult gay, bisexual, and other YMSM across time : The P18 cohort study

Halkitis, P. N., Siconolfi, D. E., Stults, C. B., Barton, S., Bub, K., & Kapadia, F. (n.d.).

Publication year

2014

Journal title

Drug and alcohol dependence

Volume

145

Page(s)

209-216

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.10.016

Abstract

Abstract

Objective: To examine patterns of substance use over time in a new generation of emerging adult gay, bisexual, and other young men who have sex with men (YMSM). Methods: Data were drawn from the first four waves of on ongoing prospective cohort study of YMSM who were ages 18 to 19 at baseline and were assessed each 6 months for substance use via calendar based methods. Latent growth curve modeling was utilized to assess changes over time for four drug use categories: alcohol, marijuana, inhalant nitrates, and other drugs (e.g., cocaine, ecstasy) and between groups (race/ethnicity, perceived familial socioeconomic status; SES). Results: Use of all substances increased steadily across the follow-up period. White YMSM demonstrated higher levels of alcohol use at the 18-mo follow-up visit compared to other racial/ethnic groups, while rates of change across groups were similar. Marijuana use at 18 months was highest for Hispanics who also indicated the highest rate of change. Finally, YMSM who reported higher perceived SES reported the lowest use and lowest rates of change for other drug use. Controlling for perceived SES, differences in patterns of drug use by race/ethnicity were evident but differences were not as large. Conclusions: Increases in substance use in the emerging adulthood of YMSM indicate the need for structural and behavioral interventions tailored to address substance use in these young men before chronic patterns of use develop. Differences in patterns of drug use across racial/ethnic and SES groups suggest that interventions need to consider person-level differences.

Monkeypox, After HIV/AIDS and COVID-19 : Suggestions for Collective Action and a Public Health of Consequence, November 2022

Landers, S., Kapadia, F., & Tarantola, D. (n.d.).

Publication year

2022

Journal title

American journal of public health

Volume

112

Issue

11

Page(s)

1564-1566

10.2105/AJPH.2022.307100

Abstract

Abstract

~

Motivations for alcohol use to intoxication among young adult gay, bisexual, and other MSM in New York City : The P18 Cohort Study

Ristuccia, A., LoSchiavo, C., Kapadia, F., & Halkitis, P. N. (n.d.).

Publication year

2019

Journal title

Addictive Behaviors

Volume

89

Page(s)

44-50

10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.09.014

Abstract

Abstract

Introduction: Motivations for alcohol use to intoxication vary among young adults depending on social setting and other contextual factors. However, there is limited research exploring the role of different drinking motivations among young men who have sex with men (YMSM). Methods: Data from a racially/ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample of YMSM (n = 426) were used to examine associations between recent (last 30 days) alcohol use to intoxication and scores on three distinct drinking motivation subscales: convivial, intimate, and negative coping drinking. Multinomial logistic regression models were constructed to examine associations between drinking motivations and days of alcohol use to intoxication, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. Results: YMSM who scored higher on all three drinking motivation subscales were more likely to engage in recent alcohol use to intoxication compared to those who reported no alcohol use to intoxication. In multivariable models, Black and Hispanic YMSM had lower odds of intoxication compared to White YMSM, and those reporting lower perceived familial SES had lower odds compared to higher SES. In a final model including all three motivations, only convivial drinking was significantly associated with days of intoxication (1–2 days: AOR = 1.22; 3+ days: AOR = 1.45). Conclusions: This study identifies distinct associations between different motivations for drinking and alcohol use to intoxication in a sample of YMSM. These findings highlight a need to incorporate an understanding of motivations for alcohol use to intoxication into research and clinical practice with YMSM, as different reasons for drinking carry respective potential health risks.

Moving Toward a Holistic Conceptual Framework for Understanding Healthy Aging Among Gay Men

Halkitis, P. N., Kapadia, F., Ompad, D. C., & Perez-Figueroa, R. (n.d.).

Publication year

2015

Journal title

Journal of Homosexuality

Volume

62

Issue

5

Page(s)

571-587

10.1080/00918369.2014.987567

Abstract

Abstract

In the last four decades, we have witnessed vast and important transitions in the social, economic, political, and health contexts of the lived experiences of gay men in the United States. This dynamic period, as evidenced most prominently by the transition of the gay rights movement to a civil rights movement, has shifted the exploration of gay men’s health from one focusing primarily on HIV/AIDS into a mainstream consideration of the overall health and wellbeing of gay men. Against this backdrop, aging gay men in the United States constitute a growing population, for whom further investigations of health states and health-related disparities are warranted. In order to advance our understanding of the health and wellbeing of aging gay men, we outline here a multilevel, ecosocial conceptual framework that integrates salient environmental, social, psychosocial, and sociodeomgraphic factors into sets of macro-, meso-, and micro-level constructs that can be applied to comprehensively study health states and health care utilization in older gay men.

Neurocognitive functioning in an urban clinic-based sample of adults ages 50 and older living with HIV

Halkitis, P. N., D’Avanzo, P. A., Stults, C. B., Levy, M. D., Krause, K. D., Kupprat, S. A., Voelbel, G. T., Urbina, A. E., & Kapadia, F. (n.d.).

Publication year

2016

Journal title

Journal of HIV/AIDS and Social Services

Volume

15

Issue

4

Page(s)

428-449

10.1080/15381501.2016.1224748

Abstract

Abstract

We administered a battery of neurocognitive tests to 100 HIV-positive men and women ages 50 to 70 seeking care at a large Northeastern urban HIV care clinic. Performance on neurocognitive assessments varied by demographic states. Across all assessments, approximately 28% of participants reached the threshold for borderline performance while 13% reached the threshold for impairment. When tests were grouped by domain of neurocognitive functioning, 12% of the sample met the threshold for impairment on executive functioning and 19% for processing speed. The findings demonstrate that neurocognitive declines may vary by domains of functioning, that disparities may exist across subpopulations of the seropositive aging population, and that these challenges may exist even in those actively engaged in HIV care.

Our Public Health Workforce, Our Future : A Public Health of Consequence, May 2024

Kapadia, F. (n.d.).

Publication year

2024

Journal title

American journal of public health

Volume

114

Issue

5

Page(s)

461-462

10.2105/AJPH.2024.307644

Abstract

Abstract

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Perceived peer safer sex norms and sexual risk behaviors among substance-using latino adolescents

Kapadia, F., Frye, V., Bonner, S., Emmanuel, P. J., Samples, C. L., & Latka, M. H. (n.d.).

Publication year

2012

Journal title

AIDS Education and Prevention

Volume

24

Issue

1

Page(s)

27-40

10.1521/aeap.2012.24.1.27

Abstract

Abstract

We investigated the association between perceived peer norms and safer sexual behaviors among substance using Latino youth. Between 2005 and 2006, cross-sectional data were collected from 92 Latino adolescents recruited from clinic- and community-based settings in two U.S. cities. Separate multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between perceived peer norms around safer sex and two different outcomes: Consistent condom use and multiple sexual partnerships. Among these participants, perceived peer norms encouraging safer sex were associated with consistent condom use even after controlling for individualand partner-related factors. Perceived peer norms supporting safer sex were inversely associated with recently having two or more sexual partners after controlling for demographic characteristics. Perceived peer norms around safer sexual behavior contribute to a lower likelihood of engaging in two HIV/STI risk behaviors: inconsistent condom use and multiple partnering. These findings suggest that further development of peer-based interventions for Latino youth is warranted.

Perceived social support and mental health states in a clinic-based sample of older HIV positive adults

Kapadia, F., Levy, M., Griffin-Tomas, M., Greene, R. E., Halkitis, S. N., Urbina, A., & Halkitis, P. N. (n.d.).

Publication year

2016

Journal title

Journal of HIV/AIDS and Social Services

Volume

15

Issue

4

Page(s)

417-427

10.1080/15381501.2016.1212295

Abstract

Abstract

Despite a high prevalence of mental health problems in older, HIV+ adults (aged ≥ 50), few studies have examined the relationship between perceived social support and mental health burdens in this group. In a clinic-based sample of 100 adults, 23% and 29% met criteria for one and more than one mental health burden, respectively. In multivariable binary logistic models, perceived receipt of positive and emotional social support as well as overall support was inversely associated with the presence of mental health burdens. There is a need for additional investigation of how social support can help mitigate mental health burdens among HIV+ older adults.

Perceptions of safety among LGBTQ people following the 2016 Pulse nightclub shooting

Stults, C. B., Kupprat, S. A., Krause, K. D., Kapadia, F., & Halkitis, P. N. (n.d.).

Publication year

2017

Journal title

Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity

Volume

4

Issue

3

Page(s)

251-256

10.1037/sgd0000240

Abstract

Abstract

The goals of this manuscript are twofold. First, we provide a brief reaction to this journal's "Special Section: Reflections on the Orlando Massacre on its First Anniversary." Second, we present findings from a study on perceptions of safety among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals following the Pulse shooting. These issues are discussed within the historical context of hate crimes experienced by the LGBTQ population (Herek), media coverage following the shooting (Hancock and Halderman), and the immediate reaction of LGBTQ graduate students to the event (Jackson). Our study sought to examine differences in perceptions of personal and peer safety by race/ethnicity, gender identity, and sexual orientation among a large, diverse sample of LGBTQ people. Findings from our study indicate that there were differences in perceptions of personal safety by gender identity, and differences in perceptions of peer safety by gender identity and sexual orientation. These findings also suggest that subgroups of the LGBTQ community with more marginalized gender and sexual identities (e.g., female, transgender, genderqueer, bisexual, queer respondents) perceived more concerns related to safety, on average, than subgroups with relatively more privilege (e.g., gay, male). Elevated safety concern may exacerbate multiple minority stress burden, a known driver of poor health outcomes among LGBTQ people. These findings are a call to action to health care providers to be well informed and trained to provide the appropriate care and counseling referrals that can address the safety-related concerns of LGBTQ individuals in the aftermath of identity-related attacks.

Personality and its Relation to Mental and Psychosocial Health in Emerging Adult Sexual Minority Men : The P18 Cohort Study

D'Avanzo, P. A., Barton, S. C., Kapadia, F., & Halkitis, P. N. (n.d.).

Publication year

2017

Journal title

Behavioral Medicine

Volume

43

Issue

3

Page(s)

191-199

10.1080/08964289.2017.1330079

Abstract

Abstract

Personality disorder and personality pathology encompass a dimension of psychological dysfunction known to severely impact multiple domains of functioning. However, there is a notable dearth of research regarding both the pervasiveness and correlates of personality pathology among young sexual minority males who themselves experience heightened mental health burdens. Using the self-report version of the Standardized Assessment of Personality-Abbreviated Scale we tested associations between distinct personality characteristics with sociodemographic and psychosocial factors as well as mental health states in a sample of 528 young (aged 21–25 years) sexual minority men. In multivariate analysis, personality traits varied significantly by race/ethnicity. Personality traits were also positively associated with psychosocial states, specifically, internalized anti-homosexual bias, level of connection with the gay community, and male body dissatisfaction, as well as mental health in the form of recent depressive and anxious symptomatology. These findings support the complex synergy which exists between personality characteristics, psychosocial conditions, and mental health burdens present among sexual minority men and support the need for an all-encompassing approach to both the study and care of this population that addresses the influences of both internal and external factors on well-being.