Olugbenga Ogedegbe
Olugbenga Ogedegbe
Scroll
Professor of Social and Behavioral Sciences
Professor for the Department of Population Health at NYU Grossman School of Medicine
-
Professional overview
-
Gbenga Ogedegbe, a physician, is Professor of Population Health & Medicine, Chief Division of Health & Behavior and Director Center for Healthful Behavior Change in the Department of Population Health at the School of Medicine. Gbenga is a leading expert on health disparities research; his work focuses on the implementation of evidence-based interventions for cardiovascular risk reduction in minority populations. He is Principal Investigator on numerous NIH projects, and has expanded his work globally to Sub-Saharan Africa where he is funded by the NIH to strengthen research capacity and reduce the burden of noncommunicable diseases. He has co-authored over 250 publications and his work has been recognized by receipt of several research and mentoring awards including the prestigious John M. Eisenberg Excellence in Mentorship Award from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and the Daniel Savage Science Award. He has served on numerous scientific panels including the NIH, CDC, World Health Organization, and the European Union Research Council. Prior to joining NYU, he was faculty at Cornell Weill Medical School and Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons.
-
Education
-
MPH from Columbia University, 1999Residency, Montefiore Medical Center, Internal Medicine, 1998MD from Donetsk University, 1988
-
Areas of research and study
-
Access to HealthcareGlobal HealthHealth of Marginalized PopulationImplementation and Impact of Public Health RegulationsImplementation scienceStroke and Cardiovascular Disease
-
Publications
Publications
AddREssing Social Determinants to pRevent hypErtension (The RESTORE Network): Overview of the Health Equity Research Network to Prevent Hypertension
AbstractSpruill, T. M., Muntner, P., Popp, C. J., Shimbo, D., Cooper, L. A., Moran, A. E., Penko, J., Bibbins-Domingo, K., Ibe, C., Opara, I. N., Howard, G., Bellows, B. K., Spoer, B. R., Ravenell, J., Cherrington, A. L., Levy, P., Commodore-Mensah, Y., Juraschek, S. P., Molello, N., … Ogedegbe, G. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
American Journal of HypertensionVolume
36Issue
5Page(s)
232-239AbstractBACKGROUND: The American Heart Association funded a Health Equity Research Network on the prevention of hypertension, the RESTORE Network, as part of its commitment to achieving health equity in all communities. This article provides an overview of the RESTORE Network. METHODS: The RESTORE Network includes five independent, randomized trials testing approaches to implement non-pharmacological interventions that have been proven to lower blood pressure (BP). The trials are community-based, taking place in churches in rural Alabama, mobile health units in Michigan, barbershops in New York, community health centers in Maryland, and food deserts in Massachusetts. Each trial employs a hybrid effectiveness-implementation research design to test scalable and sustainable strategies that mitigate social determinants of health (SDOH) that contribute to hypertension in Black communities. The primary outcome in each trial is change in systolic BP. The RESTORE Network Coordinating Center has five cores: BP measurement, statistics, intervention, community engagement, and training that support the trials. Standardized protocols, data elements and analysis plans were adopted in each trial to facilitate cross-trial comparisons of the implementation strategies, and application of a standard costing instrument for health economic evaluations, scale up, and policy analysis. Herein, we discuss future RESTORE Network research plans and policy outreach activities designed to advance health equity by preventing hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: The RESTORE Network was designed to promote health equity in the US by testing effective and sustainable implementation strategies focused on addressing SDOH to prevent hypertension among Black adults.African Control of Hypertension through Innovative Epidemiology and a Vibrant Ecosystem (ACHIEVE): novel strategies for accelerating hypertension control in Africa
AbstractOwolabi, M., Olowoyo, P., Mocumbi, A., Ogah, O. S., Odili, A., Wahab, K., Ojji, D., Adeoye, A. M., Akinyemi, R., Akpalu, A., Obiako, R., Sarfo, F. S., Bavuma, C., Beheiry, H. M., Ibrahim, M., El Aroussy, W., Parati, G., Dzudie, A., Singh, S., … Zhang, X. H. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
Journal of human hypertensionAbstractHypertension is a leading preventable and controllable risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and the leading preventable risk for death globally. With a prevalence of nearly 50% and 93% of uncontrolled cases, very little progress has been made in detecting, treating, and controlling hypertension in Africa over the past thirty years. We propose the African Control of Hypertension through Innovative Epidemiology and a Vibrant Ecosystem (ACHIEVE) to implement the HEARTS package for improved surveillance, prevention, treatment/acute care of hypertension, and rehabilitation of those with hypertension complications across the life course. The ecosystem will apply the principles of an iterative implementation cycle by developing and deploying pragmatic solutions through the contextualization of interventions tailored to navigate barriers and enhance facilitators to deliver maximum impact through effective communication and active participation of all stakeholders in the implementation environment. Ten key strategic actions are proposed for implementation to reduce the burden of hypertension in Africa.An Evaluation of Alternative Technology-Supported Counseling Approaches to Promote Multiple Lifestyle Behavior Changes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease
AbstractSt-Jules, D. E., Hu, L., Woolf, K., Wang, C., Goldfarb, D. S., Katz, S. D., Popp, C., Williams, S. K., Li, H., Jagannathan, R., Ogedegbe, O., Kharmats, A. Y., & Sevick, M. A. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
Journal of Renal NutritionVolume
33Issue
1Page(s)
35-44AbstractObjectives: Although technology-supported interventions are effective for reducing chronic disease risk, little is known about the relative and combined efficacy of mobile health strategies aimed at multiple lifestyle factors. The purpose of this clinical trial is to evaluate the efficacy of technology-supported behavioral intervention strategies for managing multiple lifestyle-related health outcomes in overweight adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Design and Methods: Using a 2 × 2 factorial design, adults with excess body weight (body mass index ≥27 kg/m2, age ≥40 years), T2D, and CKD stages 2-4 were randomized to an advice control group, or remotely delivered programs consisting of synchronous group-based education (all groups), plus (1) Social Cognitive Theory–based behavioral counseling and/or (2) mobile self-monitoring of diet and physical activity. All programs targeted weight loss, greater physical activity, and lower intakes of sodium and phosphorus-containing food additives. Results: Of 256 randomized participants, 186 (73%) completed 6-month assessments. Compared to the ADVICE group, mHealth interventions did not result in significant changes in weight loss, or urinary sodium and phosphorus excretion. In aggregate analyses, groups receiving mobile self-monitoring had greater weight loss at 3 months (P = .02), but between 3 and 6 months, weight losses plateaued, and by 6 months, the differences were no longer statistically significant. Conclusions: When engaging patients with T2D and CKD in multiple behavior changes, self-monitoring diet and physical activity demonstrated significantly larger short-term weight losses. Theory-based behavioral counseling alone was no better than baseline advice and demonstrated no interaction effect with self-monitoring.Analysis of the 2007–2018 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS): Examining Neurological Complications among Children with Sickle Cell Disease in the United States
AbstractPeprah, E., Gyamfi, J., Lee, J. T., Islam, F., Opeyemi, J., Tampubolon, S., Ojo, T., Qiao, W., Mai, A., Wang, C., Vieira, D., Meda, S., Adenikinju, D., Osei-Tutu, N., Ryan, N., & Ogedegbe, O. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
International journal of environmental research and public healthVolume
20Issue
12AbstractThis study compared neurological complications among a national sample of United States children with or without sickle cell disease (SCD) and evaluated health status, healthcare and special education utilization patterns, barriers to care, and association of SCD status and demographics/socioeconomic status (SES) on comorbidities and healthcare utilization. Data was acquired from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) Sample Child Core questionnaire 2007–2018 dataset that included 133,542 children. An affirmation from the guardian of the child determined the presence of SCD. Regression analysis was used to compare the associations between SCD and demographics/SES on neurological conditions at p < 0.05. Furthermore, adjusted odds ratios (AORs) were estimated for having various neurological conditions. Of the 133,481 children included in the NHIS, the mean age was 8.5 years (SD: 0.02) and 215 had SCD. Of the children with SCD, the sample composition included male (n = 110), and Black (n = 82%). The SCD sample had higher odds of having neuro-developmental conditions (p < 0.1). Families of Black children (55% weighted) reported household incomes < 100% of federal poverty level. Black children were more likely to experience longer wait times to see the doctor (AOR, 0.3; CI 0.1–1.1). Compared to children without SCD, those with SCD had a greater chance of seeing a medical specialist within 12 months (AOR 2.3; CI 1.5–3.7). This representative sample of US children with SCD shows higher odds of developing neurological complications, increased healthcare and special education services utilization, with Black children experiencing a disproportionate burden. This creates the urgency to address the health burden for children with SCD by implementing interventions in healthcare and increasing education assistance programs to combat neurocognitive impairments, especially among Black children.Barbershop-Facilitated Community-to-Clinic Linkage Implementation Program: Rationale and Protocol for a Novel Program to Prevent Hypertension among Black Men
AbstractRavenell, J., Green, T., Arabadjian, M., Schoenthaler, A., & Ogedegbe, O. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
American Journal of HypertensionVolume
36Issue
5Page(s)
240-247AbstractBackground: Black men in the United States have higher hypertension (HTN) prevalence than other groups, largely due to adverse social determinants of health, including poor healthcare access. The Community-to-Clinic Linkage Implementation Program (CLIP) is effective for HTN screening in Black-owned barbershops. However, its effect on HTN prevention among Black men is untested. Here, we describe the rationale and study protocol for the development and testing of a barbershop facilitation (BF) strategy, with trained Community Health Workers, to implement and scale CLIP for HTN prevention in Black men. Methods: The study is part of the American Heart Association (AHA)-funded RESTORE (Addressing Social Determinants to Prevent Hypertension) Health Equity Research Network. The study is tri-phasic: (i) pre-implementation—qualitative examination of factors affecting adoption of CLIP and development of BF strategy, (ii) implementation—cluster randomized control trial to test the effectiveness of CLIP with and without BF. We will partner with 20 barbershops and enroll 420 Black men with elevated blood pressure (BP)/Stage 1 HTN (2017 ACC/AHA HTN guidelines). Outcomes include reduction in BP, rate of CLIP adoption and linkage to care, and incidence of Stage 2 HTN. The study time frame is 12 months, (iii) post-implementation—we will evaluate program sustainability (6 months post-trial conclusion) and cost-effectiveness (up to 10 years). Conclusions: This study harnesses community-based resources to address HTN prevention in Black men, who are more adversely impacted by HTN than other groups. It has major policy relevance for health departments and other stakeholders to address HTN prevention in Black communities.Building Capacity of Community Nurses to Strengthen the Management of Uncomplicated Hypertension in Persons Living with HIV in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
AbstractOjji, D., Shedul, G., Aifah, A., Henry, D., Iwelunmor, J., Duah, A., Hade, E. M., Lew, D., Onakomaiya, D., Bansal, G. P., Colvin, C., Attah, A., Mishra, S., Ogedegbe, G., Kanneh, N., Ekanem, A., & Rakhra, A. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
Global HeartVolume
18Issue
1AbstractObjectives: Poor training of non-physician healthcare workers (especially community nurses) could hinder the successful integration of cardiovascular disease (CVD) management into HIV chronic care in primary healthcare facilities in low- and middle-income countries. To address this limitation, we included a holistic training programme with a robust module for both practice facilitators and community nurses as part of the formative stages of the managing hypertension among people living with HIV: an integrated model (MAP-IT), which is a study that is evaluating the effectiveness of practice facilitation on the integration of a task-strengthening strategy for hypertension control (TASSH) into primary healthcare centres in Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria. Methods: Between June and November 2021, 3 didactic training workshops were conducted using a training module which is based on the simplified Nigerian Hypertension Protocol for primary care and the World Health Organization (WHO) heart package. Knowledge acquired by the participants was assessed using anonymized pre- and post-training assessments in the first two workshops. Participants’ view of the training was assessed using a comprehensive course evaluation questionnaire. Results: A total of 92 community nurses and six practice facilitators were trained in the workshops on managing hypertension in persons living with HIV. Mean pre- and post-test scores improved from 11.9(3.4) to 15.9(2.9); p < 0.001 in the first workshop, and from 15.4(0.9) to 16.4 (1.4); p < 0.001 in the second workshop. The methodology used in the training, understanding of the MAP-IT study programme, and the level of engagement was highly rated by the participants with LIKERT scores of 3.2/4.0, 3.2/4.0, and 3.1/4.0 respectively. Conclusion: Our training methodology, which involved the train-the-trainer model to deliver simplified HIV and HTN care guidelines, showed improvement in the knowledge of managing hypertension in persons living with HIV and was highly rated by participants.Characterisation of medical conditions of children with sickle cell disease in the USA: findings from the 2007-2018 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)
AbstractGyamfi, J., Tampubolon, S., Lee, J. T., Islam, F., Ojo, T., Opeyemi, J., Qiao, W., Mai, A., Wang, C., Vieira, D., Ryan, N., Osei-Tutu, N. H., Adenikinju, D., Meda, S., Ogedegbe, G., & Peprah, E. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
BMJ openVolume
13Issue
2AbstractObjectives We used the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data set to examine the prevalence of comorbid medical conditions; explore barriers to accessing healthcare and special educational services; and assess the associations between sickle cell disease (SCD) status and demographics/socioeconomic status (SES), and social determinants of health (SDoH) on comorbidities among children in the USA. Design Cross-sectional. Setting NHIS Sample Child Core questionnaire 2007-2018 data set. Participants 133 481 children; presence of SCD was determined by an affirmative response from the adult or guardian of the child. Main outcome measures Multivariate logistic regression was used to compare the associations between SCD status, SES and SDoH for various medical conditions for all races and separately for black children at p<0.05. Results 133 481 children (mean age 8.5 years, SD: 0.02), 215 had SCD and ∼82% (weighted) of the children with SCD are black. Children with SCD were more likely to suffer from comorbid conditions, that is, anaemia (adjusted OR: 27.1, p<0.001). Furthermore, children with SCD had at least two or more emergency room (ER) visits (p<0.001) and were more likely to have seen a doctor 1-15 times per year (p<0.05) compared with children without SCD. Household income (p<0.001) and maternal education were lower for children with SCD compared with children without SCD (52.4% vs 63.5% (p<0.05)). SCD children with a maternal parent who has < / > High School degree were less likely to have no ER visits or 4-5 ER visits, and more likely to have 2-3 ER visits within 12 months. Conclusion Children with SCD experienced significant comorbid conditions and have high healthcare usage, with black children being disproportionately affected. Moreover, maternal education status and poverty level illustrates how impactful SES can be on healthcare seeking behaviour for the SCD population. SDoH have significant implications for managing paediatric patients with SCD in clinical settings.Folic Acid Supplementation to Prevent Neural Tube Defects: US Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement
AbstractBarry, M. J., Nicholson, W. K., Silverstein, M., Chelmow, D., Coker, T. R., Davis, E. M., Donahue, K. E., Jaén, C. R., Li, L., Ogedegbe, G., Rao, G., Ruiz, J. M., Stevermer, J., Tsevat, J., Underwood, S. M., & Wong, J. B. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
JAMAVolume
330Issue
5Page(s)
454-459AbstractImportance: Neural tube defects are among the most common congenital malformations in the US, with an estimated 3000 pregnancies affected each year. Many of these neural tube defects are caused by low folate levels in the body. Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a reaffirmation evidence update on the benefits and harms of folic acid supplementation. Population: Persons who are planning to or could become pregnant. Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes that, for persons who are planning to or could become pregnant, there is high certainty that folic acid supplementation has a substantial net benefit to prevent neural tube defects in their offspring. Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends that all persons planning to or who could become pregnant take a daily supplement containing 0.4 to 0.8 mg (400 to 800 μg) of folic acid. (A recommendation).IDEAL: A Community–Academic–Governmental Collaboration Toward Improving Evidence-Based Data Collection on Race and Ethnicity
Kader, F., Ðoàn, L. N., Chin, M. K., Scherer, M., Cárdenas, L., Feng, L., Leung, V., Gundanna, A., Lee, M., Russo, R., Ogedegbe, O. G., John, I., Cho, I., Kwon, S. C., & Yi, S. S. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
Preventing Chronic DiseaseVolume
20Page(s)
1-5Implementation of Global Hearts Hypertension Control Programs in 32 Low- and Middle-Income Countries: JACC International
Failed generating bibliography.AbstractPublication year
2023Journal title
Journal of the American College of CardiologyVolume
82Issue
19Page(s)
1868-1884AbstractIn 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) and Resolve to Save Lives partnered with country governments and other stakeholders to design, test, and scale up the WHO HEARTS hypertension services package in 32 low- and middle-income countries. Facility-based HEARTS performance indicators included number of patients enrolled, number treated and with blood pressure controlled, number who missed a scheduled follow-up visit, and number lost to follow-up. By 2022, HEARTS hypertension control programs treated 12.2 million patients in 165,000 primary care facilities. Hypertension control was 38% (median 48%; range 5%-86%). In 4 HEARTS countries using the same digital health information system, facility-based control improved from 18% at baseline to 46% in 48 months. At the population level, median estimated population-based hypertension control was 11.0% of all hypertension patients (range 2.0%-34.7%). The Global Hearts experience of implementing WHO HEARTS demonstrates the feasibility of controlling hypertension in low- and middle-income country primary care settings.Implementation outcomes and strategies for delivering evidence-based hypertension interventions in lower-middle-income countries: Evidence from a multi-country consortium for hypertension control
AbstractGyamfi, J., Iwelunmor, J., Patel, S., Irazola, V., Aifah, A., Rakhra, A., Butler, M., Vedanthan, R., Hoang, G. N., Nyambura, M., Nguyen, H., Nguyen, C., Asante, K. P., Nyame, S., Adjei, K., Amoah, J., Apusiga, K., Adjei, K. G. A., Ramierz-Zea, M., … Ogedegbe, G. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
PloS oneVolume
18Issue
5AbstractGuidance on contextually tailored implementation strategies for the prevention, treatment, and control of hypertension is limited in lower-middle income countries (Lower-MIC). To address this limitation, we compiled implementation strategies and accompanying outcomes of evidence-based hypertension interventions currently being implemented in five Lower-MIC. The Global Research on Implementation and Translation Science (GRIT) Coordinating Center (CC) (GRIT-CC) engaged its global network sites at Ghana, Guatemala, India, Kenya, and Vietnam. Purposively sampled implementation science experts completed an electronic survey assessing implementation outcomes, in addition to implementation strategies used in their ongoing hypertension interventions from among 73 strategies within the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC). Experts rated the strategies based on highest priority to their interventions. We analyzed the data by sorting implementation strategies utilized by sites into one of the nine domains in ERIC and summarized the data using frequencies, proportions, and means. Seventeen implementation experts (52.9% men) participated in the exercise. Of Proctor's implementation outcomes identified across sites, all outcomes except for appropriateness were broadly assessed by three or more countries. Overall, 59 out of 73 (81%) strategies were being utilized in the five countries. The highest priority implementation strategies utilized across all five countries focused on evaluative and iterative strategies (e.g., identification of context specific barriers and facilitators) to delivery of patient- and community-level interventions, while the lowest priority was use of financial and infrastructure change strategies. More capacity building strategies (developing stakeholder interrelationships, training and educating stakeholders, and supporting clinicians) were incorporated into interventions implemented in India and Vietnam than Ghana, Kenya, and Guatemala. Although robust implementation strategies are being used in Lower -MICs, there is minimum use of financial and infrastructure change strategies. Our study contributes to the growing literature that demonstrates the use of Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) implementation strategies to deliver evidence-based hypertension interventions in Lower-MICs and will inform future cross-country data harmonization activities in resource-constrained settings.Medication adherence and blood pressure control: A preliminary assessment of the role of health insurance in Nigeria and Ghana
AbstractOseni, T. I. A., Blankson, P. K., Dele-Ojo, B. F., Duodu, F., Echieh, C. P., Alabi, S. B., Tayo, B. O., Sarpong, D. F., Amoakoh-Coleman, M., Boima, V., & Ogedegbe, G. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
SAGE Open MedicineVolume
11AbstractObjectives: This study sought to assess the current impact of health insurance coverage on medication adherence and blood pressure control of patients being managed for hypertension in Ghana and Nigeria. Methods: The study was a prospective study among 109 patients with hypertension in two health facilities with similar population dynamics in Ghana and Nigeria. Patients were systematically selected, categorized as having health insurance coverage or not, and followed up monthly for 6 months. The outcome variables (medication adherence and blood pressure control) were then measured and compared at 6 months. Analysis was done using Stata with level of significance set at p ⩽ 0.05. Results: There was a 90% insurance coverage among participants from Ghana compared to 15% from Nigeria. National Health Insurance Authority enrolees in both countries had better blood pressure control and medication adherence compared to non-enrolees (adjusted odds ratio = 2.6 and 4.5, respectively). Conclusion: National Health Insurance Authority enrolment was found to be poor among respondents in Nigeria compared to Ghana. Enrolment into the National health financing schemes in both countries led to better blood pressure control and medication adherence among patients with hypertension at primary health facilities. There is therefore the need for system strengthening to improve their sustainability.Organizational readiness to implement task-strengthening strategy for hypertension management among people living with HIV in Nigeria
AbstractIwelunmor, J., Ogedegbe, G., Dulli, L., Aifah, A., Nwaozuru, U., Obiezu-Umeh, C., Onakomaiya, D., Rakhra, A., Mishra, S., Colvin, C. L., Adeoti, E., Badejo, O., Murray, K., Uguru, H., Shedul, G., Hade, E. M., Henry, D., Igbong, A., Lew, D., … Ojji, D. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
Implementation Science CommunicationsVolume
4Issue
1AbstractBackground: Hypertension (HTN) is highly prevalent among people living with HIV (PLHIV), but there is limited access to standardized HTN management strategies in public primary healthcare facilities in Nigeria. The shortage of trained healthcare providers in Nigeria is an important contributor to the increased unmet need for HTN management among PLHIV. Evidence-based TAsk-Strengthening Strategies for HTN control (TASSH) have shown promise to address this gap in other resource-constrained settings. However, little is known regarding primary health care facilities’ capacity to implement this strategy. The objective of this study was to determine primary healthcare facilities’ readiness to implement TASSH among PLHIV in Nigeria. Methods: This study was conducted with purposively selected healthcare providers at fifty-nine primary healthcare facilities in Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria. Healthcare facility readiness data were measured using the Organizational Readiness to Change Assessment (ORCA) tool. ORCA is based on the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) framework that identifies evidence, context, and facilitation as the key factors for effective knowledge translation. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (including mean ORCA subscales). We focused on the ORCA context domain, and responses were scored on a 5-point Likert scale, with 1 corresponding to disagree strongly. Findings: Fifty-nine healthcare providers (mean age 45; standard deviation [SD]: 7.4, 88% female, 68% with technical training, 56% nurses, 56% with 1–5 years providing HIV care) participated in the study. Most healthcare providers provide care to 11–30 patients living with HIV per month in their health facility, with about 42% of providers reporting that they see between 1 and 10 patients with HTN each month. Overall, staff culture (mean 4.9 [0.4]), leadership support (mean 4.9 [0.4]), and measurement/evidence-assessment (mean 4.6 [0.5]) were the topped-scored ORCA subscales, while scores on facility resources (mean 3.6 [0.8]) were the lowest. Conclusion: Findings show organizational support for innovation and the health providers at the participating health facilities. However, a concerted effort is needed to promote training capabilities and resources to deliver services within these primary healthcare facilities. These results are invaluable in developing future strategies to improve the integration, adoption, and sustainability of TASSH in primary healthcare facilities in Nigeria. Trial registration: NCT05031819.Peer Review in a General Medical Research Journal before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic
AbstractPerlis, R. H., Kendall-Taylor, J., Hart, K., Ganguli, I., Berlin, J. A., Bradley, S. M., Haneuse, S., Inouye, S. K., Jacobs, E. A., Morris, A., Ogedegbe, O., Perencevich, E., Shulman, L. N., Trueger, N. S., Fihn, S. D., Rivara, F. P., & Flanagin, A. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
JAMA network openVolume
6Issue
1Page(s)
E2253296AbstractImportance: Although peer review is an important component of publication for new research, the viability of this process has been questioned, particularly with the added stressors of the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: To characterize rates of peer reviewer acceptance of invitations to review manuscripts, reviewer turnaround times, and editor-assessed quality of reviews before and after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic at a large, open-access general medical journal. Design, Setting, and Participants: This retrospective, pre-post cohort study examined all research manuscripts submitted to JAMA Network Open between January 1, 2019, and June 29, 2021, either directly or via transfer from other JAMA Network journals, for which at least 1 peer review of manuscript content was solicited. Measures were compared between the period before the World Health Organization declaration of a COVID-19 pandemic on March 11, 2020 (14.3 months), and the period during the pandemic (15.6 months) among all reviewed manuscripts and between pandemic-period manuscripts that did or did not address COVID-19. Main Outcomes and Measures: For each reviewed manuscript, the number of invitations sent to reviewers, proportions of reviewers accepting invitations, time in days to return reviews, and editor-assessed quality ratings of reviews were determined. Results: In total, the journal sought review for 5013 manuscripts, including 4295 Original Investigations (85.7%) and 718 Research Letters (14.3%); 1860 manuscripts were submitted during the prepandemic period and 3153 during the pandemic period. Comparing the prepandemic with the pandemic period, the mean (SD) number of reviews rated as high quality (very good or excellent) per manuscript increased slightly from 1.3 (0.7) to 1.5 (0.7) (P <.001), and the mean (SD) time for reviewers to return reviews was modestly shorter (from 15.8 [7.6] days to 14.4 [7.0] days; P <.001), a difference that persisted in linear regression models accounting for manuscript type, study design, and whether the manuscript addressed COVID-19. Conclusions and Relevance: In this cohort study, the speed and editor-reported quality of peer reviews in an open-access general medical journal improved modestly during the initial year of the pandemic. Additional study will be necessary to understand how the pandemic has affected reviewer burden and fatigue.Preexposure Prophylaxis to Prevent Acquisition of HIV: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
AbstractBarry, M. J., Nicholson, W. K., Silverstein, M., Chelmow, D., Coker, T. R., Davis, E. M., Donahue, K. E., Jaén, C. R., Kubik, M., Li, L., Ogedegbe, G., Rao, G., Ruiz, J. M., Stevermer, J. J., Tsevat, J., Underwood, S. M., & Wong, J. B. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
JAMAVolume
330Issue
8Page(s)
736-745AbstractImportance: An estimated 1.2 million persons in the US currently have HIV, and more than 760000 persons have died of complications related to HIV since the first cases were reported in 1981. Although treatable, HIV is not curable and has significant health consequences. Therefore, effective strategies to prevent HIV are an important public health and clinical priority. Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of preexposure prophylaxis with antiretroviral therapy for the prevention of HIV acquisition, and the diagnostic accuracy of risk assessment tools to identify persons at increased risk of HIV acquisition. Population: Adolescents and adults who do not have HIV and are at increased risk of HIV. Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with high certainty that there is a substantial net benefit from the use of effective antiretroviral therapy to reduce the risk of acquisition of HIV in persons at increased risk of acquiring HIV. Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends that clinicians prescribe preexposure prophylaxis using effective antiretroviral therapy to persons at increased risk of HIV acquisition to decrease the risk of acquiring HIV. (A recommendation).Roadmap for embedding health equity research into learning health systems
AbstractSchoenthaler, A., Francois, F., Cho, I., & Ogedegbe, G. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
BMJ LeaderAbstractBackground: Achieving health equity is vital to fulfil the quadruple aim for optimal healthcare system performance. Traditionally, academic medicine and healthcare systems have focused their efforts on addressing health inequities with an emphasis on improving workforce diversity. Although this approach is an important requisite, a diverse workforce alone is not sufficient; rather holistic health equity should be established as the anchoring principal mission of all academic medical centres, residing at the intersection of clinical care, education, research and community. Methods: NYU Langone Health (NYULH) has embarked on significant institutional changes to position itself as an equity-focused learning health system. One-way NYULH accomplishes this is through the establishment of a health equity research roadmap, which serves as the organising framework through which we conduct embedded pragmatic research in our healthcare delivery system to target and eliminate health inequities across our tripartite mission of patient care, medical education and research. Results: This article outlines each of the six elements of the NYULH roadmap. These elements include: (1) developing processes for collecting accurate disaggregate data on race, ethnicity and language, sexual orientation and gender identity and disability; (2) using a data-driven approach to identify health equity gaps; (3) creating performance and metric-based quality improvement goals to measure progress toward elimination of health equity gaps; (4) investigating the root cause of the identified health equity gap; (5) developing and evaluating evidence-based solutions to address and resolve the inequities; and (6) continuous monitoring and feedback for system improvements. Conclusion: Application of each element of the roadmap can provide a model for how academic medical centres can use pragmatic research to embed a culture of health equity into their health system.Screening for Anxiety Disorders in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
AbstractBarry, M. J., Nicholson, W. K., Silverstein, M., Coker, T. R., Davidson, K. W., Davis, E. M., Donahue, K. E., Jaén, C. R., Li, L., Ogedegbe, G., Pbert, L., Rao, G., Ruiz, J. M., Stevermer, J., Tsevat, J., Underwood, S. M., & Wong, J. B. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
JAMAVolume
329Issue
24Page(s)
2163-2170AbstractImportance: Anxiety disorders are commonly occurring mental health conditions. They are often unrecognized in primary care settings and substantial delays in treatment initiation occur. Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for anxiety disorders in asymptomatic adults. Population: Asymptomatic adults 19 years or older, including pregnant and postpartum persons. Older adults are defined as those 65 years or older. Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for anxiety disorders in adults, including pregnant and postpartum persons, has a moderate net benefit. The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient on screening for anxiety disorders in older adults. Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for anxiety disorders in adults, including pregnant and postpartum persons. (B recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for anxiety disorders in older adults. (I statement).Screening for Depression and Suicide Risk in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
AbstractBarry, M. J., Nicholson, W. K., Silverstein, M., Chelmow, D., Coker, T. R., Davidson, K. W., Davis, E. M., Donahue, K. E., Jaén, C. R., Li, L., Ogedegbe, G., Pbert, L., Rao, G., Ruiz, J. M., Stevermer, J. J., Tsevat, J., Underwood, S. M., & Wong, J. B. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
JAMAVolume
329Issue
23Page(s)
2057-2067AbstractImportance: Major depressive disorder (MDD), a common mental disorder in the US, may have substantial impact on the lives of affected individuals. If left untreated, MDD can interfere with daily functioning and can also be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, exacerbation of comorbid conditions, or increased mortality. Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate benefits and harms of screening, accuracy of screening, and benefits and harms of treatment of MDD and suicide risk in asymptomatic adults that would be applicable to primary care settings. Population: Asymptomatic adults 19 years or older, including pregnant and postpartum persons. Older adults are defined as those 65 years or older. Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for MDD in adults, including pregnant and postpartum persons and older adults, has a moderate net benefit. The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient on the benefit and harms of screening for suicide risk in adults, including pregnant and postpartum persons and older adults. Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for depression in the adult population, including pregnant and postpartum persons and older adults. (B recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for suicide risk in the adult population, including pregnant and postpartum persons and older adults. (I statement).Screening for Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: US Preventive Services Task Force Final Recommendation Statement
AbstractBarry, M. J., Nicholson, W. K., Silverstein, M., Cabana, M. D., Chelmow, D., Coker, T. R., Davis, E. M., Donahue, K. E., Jaén, C. R., Li, L., Ogedegbe, G., Rao, G., Ruiz, J. M., Stevermer, J., Tsevat, J., Underwood, S. M., & Wong, J. B. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
JAMAVolume
330Issue
11Page(s)
1074-1082AbstractImportance: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are among the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality in the US. The rate of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy has been increasing from approximately 500 cases per 10000 deliveries in 1993 to 1021 cases per 10000 deliveries in 2016 to 2017. Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Population: Pregnant persons without a known diagnosis of a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy or chronic hypertension. Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for hypertensive disorders in pregnancy with blood pressure measurements has substantial net benefit. Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for hypertensive disorders in pregnant persons with blood pressure measurements throughout pregnancy. (B recommendation).Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
AbstractMangione, C. M., Barry, M. J., Nicholson, W. K., Cabana, M., Chelmow, D., Coker, T. R., Davis, E. M., Donahue, K. E., Jaén, C. R., Li, L., Ogedegbe, G., Rao, G., Ruiz, J. M., Stevermer, J., Underwood, S. M., & Wong, J. B. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
JAMAVolume
329Issue
17Page(s)
1487-1494AbstractImportance: In the US, tuberculosis remains an important preventable disease, including active tuberculosis, which may be infectious, and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), which is asymptomatic and not infectious but can later progress to active disease. The precise prevalence rate of LTBI in the US is difficult to determine; however, estimated prevalence is about 5.0%, or up to 13 million persons. Incidence of tuberculosis varies by geography and living accommodations, suggesting an association with social determinants of health. Objective: To update its 2016 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review on LTBI screening and treatment in asymptomatic adults seen in primary care, as well as the accuracy of LTBI screening tests. Population: Asymptomatic adults 18 years or older at increased risk for tuberculosis. Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that there is a moderate net benefit in preventing active tuberculosis disease by screening for LTBI in persons at increased risk for tuberculosis infection. Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for LTBI in populations at increased risk. (B recommendation).Screening for Lipid Disorders in Children and Adolescents: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
AbstractBarry, M. J., Nicholson, W. K., Silverstein, M., Chelmow, D., Coker, T. R., Davis, E. M., Donahue, K. E., Jaén, C. R., Li, L., Ogedegbe, G., Rao, G., Ruiz, J. M., Stevermer, J., Tsevat, J., & Underwood, S. M. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
JAMAVolume
330Issue
3Page(s)
253-260AbstractImportance: Familial hypercholesterolemia and multifactorial dyslipidemia are 2 conditions that cause abnormally high lipid levels in children, which can lead to premature cardiovascular events (eg, myocardial infarction and stroke) and death in adulthood. Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for lipid disorders in asymptomatic children and adolescents. Population: Asymptomatic children and adolescents 20 years or younger without a known diagnosis of a lipid disorder. Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient and the balance of benefits and harms for screening for lipid disorders in asymptomatic children and adolescents 20 years or younger cannot be determined. Recommendation: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for lipid disorders in children and adolescents 20 years or younger. (I statement).Screening for Skin Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
AbstractMangione, C. M., Barry, M. J., Nicholson, W. K., Chelmow, D., Coker, T. R., Davis, E. M., Donahue, K. E., Jaén, C. R., Kubik, M., Li, L., Ogedegbe, G., Rao, G., Ruiz, J. M., Stevermer, J., Tsevat, J., Underwood, S. M., & Wong, J. B. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
JAMAVolume
329Issue
15Page(s)
1290-1295AbstractImportance: Skin cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the US. There are different types of skin cancer varying in disease incidence and severity. Basal and squamous cell carcinomas are the most common types of skin cancer but infrequently lead to death or substantial morbidity. Melanomas represent about 1% of skin cancer and cause the most skin cancer deaths. Melanoma is about 30 times more common in White persons than in Black persons. However, persons with darker skin color are often diagnosed at later stages, when skin cancer is more difficult to treat. Objective: To update its 2016 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review on the benefits and harms of screening for skin cancer in asymptomatic adolescents and adults. Population: Asymptomatic adolescents and adults who do not have a history of premalignant or malignant skin lesions. Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient to determine the balance of benefits and harms of visual skin examination by a clinician to screen for skin cancer in asymptomatic adolescents and adults. Recommendation: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of visual skin examination by a clinician to screen for skin cancer in adolescents and adults. (I statement).Serologic Screening for Genital Herpes Infection: US Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement
AbstractMangione, C. M., Barry, M. J., Nicholson, W. K., Cabana, M., Chelmow, D., Coker, T. R., Davis, E. M., Donahue, K. E., Jaén, C. R., Kubik, M., Li, L., Ogedegbe, G., Pbert, L., Ruiz, J. M., Stevermer, J., & Wong, J. B. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
JAMAVolume
329Issue
6Page(s)
502-507AbstractImportance: Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted infection caused by 2 related viruses, herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex type 2 (HSV-2). Infection is lifelong; currently, there is no cure for HSV infection. Antiviral medications may provide clinical benefits to symptomatic persons. Transmission of HSV from a pregnant person to their infant can occur, most commonly during delivery; when genital lesions or prodromal symptoms are present, cesarean delivery can reduce the risk of transmission. Neonatal herpes infection is uncommon yet can result in substantial morbidity and mortality. Objective: To reaffirm its 2016 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a reaffirmation evidence update on targeted key questions to systematically evaluate the evidence on accuracy, benefits, and harms of routine serologic screening for HSV-2 infection in asymptomatic adolescents, adults, and pregnant persons. Population: Adolescents and adults, including pregnant persons, without known history, signs, or symptoms of genital HSV infection. Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that the harms outweigh the benefits for population-based screening for genital HSV infection in asymptomatic adolescents and adults, including pregnant persons. Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends against routine serologic screening for genital HSV infection in asymptomatic adolescents and adults, including pregnant persons. (D recommendation).Study design and protocol of a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial using a practical implementation strategy as a model for hypertension-HIV integration — the MAP-IT trial
AbstractAifah, A. A., Hade, E. M., Colvin, C., Henry, D., Mishra, S., Rakhra, A., Onakomaiya, D., Ekanem, A., Shedul, G., Bansal, G. P., Lew, D., Kanneh, N., Osagie, S., Udoh, E., Okon, E., Iwelunmor, J., Attah, A., Ogedegbe, G., & Ojji, D. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
Implementation ScienceVolume
18Issue
1AbstractBackground: As people living with HIV (PLWH) experience earlier and more pronounced onset of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), advancing integrated care networks and models in low-resource-high-need settings is critical. Leveraging current health system initiatives and addressing gaps in treatment for PLWH, we report our approach using a late-stage (T4) implementation research study to test the adoption and sustainability of a proven-effective implementation strategy which has been minimally applied in low-resource settings for the integration of hypertension control into HIV treatment. We detail our protocol for the Managing Hypertension Among People Living with HIV: an Integrated Model (MAP-IT) trial, which uses a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial (SW-CRT) design to evaluate the effectiveness of practice facilitation on the adoption of a hypertension treatment program for PLWH receiving care at primary healthcare centers (PHCs) in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Design: In partnership with the Nigerian Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) and community organizations, the MAP-IT trial takes place in 30 PHCs. The i-PARiHS framework guided pre-implementation needs assessment. The RE-AIM framework will guide post-implementation activities to evaluate the effect of practice facilitation on the adoption, implementation fidelity, and sustainability of a hypertension program, as well as blood pressure (BP) control. Using a SW-CRT design, PHCs sequentially crossover from the hypertension program only (usual care) to hypertension plus practice facilitation (experimental condition). PHCs will recruit and enroll an average of 28–32 patients to reach a maximum of 960 PLWH participants with uncontrolled hypertension who will be followed longitudinally for BP outcomes. Discussion: Given the need for integrated NCD-HIV care platforms in low-resource settings, MAP-IT will underscore the challenges and opportunities for integrating hypertension treatment into HIV care, particularly concerning adoption and sustainability. The evaluation of our integration approach will also highlight the potential impact of a health systems strengthening approach on BP control among PLWH. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05031819). Registered on 2nd September 2021.The global crisis of visual impairment: an emerging global health priority requiring urgent action
Rizzo, J. R., Beheshti, M., Hudson, T. E., Mongkolwat, P., Riewpaiboon, W., Seiple, W., Ogedegbe, O. G., & Vedanthan, R. (n.d.).Publication year
2023Journal title
Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive TechnologyVolume
18Issue
3Page(s)
240-245